Abstract: To address the challenges of low composting efficiency and poor adaptability of commercial microbial inoculants in cold regions, this study systematically evaluated the composting effect of three typical commercial inoculants (Beijing Huimao T1, Shanghai Lianye T2, and Ningxia Wufeng T3) against a control group (CK) using fresh cattle manure from large-scale farms in Guyuan region (mean annual temperature: 6~8 ℃) as raw material, with a focus on analyzing their thermal characteristics and nutrient preservation mechanisms under low-temperature conditions. Key findings included: (1) Low-temperature adaptability: at ambient temperatures ≤32 ℃, T3 maintained a heating rate of 0.82±0.05 ℃/h (T1: 0.45±0.03 ℃/h; T2: 0.61±0.04 ℃/h), and reached the 50 ℃ threshold 36.2 h earlier than CK (P<0.01). The thermophilic phase (≥55 ℃) lasted for 6.5±0.3 d, fully meeting the requirements of harmless treatment standards. (2) Nutrient enhancement: T3 significantly increased total nitrogen content by 38.5±2.1% (CK: 12.3±1.5%), reduced organic matter degradation rate by 19.7% (average degradation rate of Beijing Huimao T1 and Shanghai Lianye T2: 42.5%), and achieved a final germination index (GI) of 85.4±3.2% (CK: 52.1±4.5%). This study provides the first evidence of the comprehensive advantages of Ningxia's indigenous microbial agent (T3) in low-temperature composting. Its cold-tolerant properties and efficient organic matter degradation capacity make it particularly suitable for cattle manure composting in Guyuan region, offering a reliable technical solution for livestock waste recycling in cold areas.